What Is an FCC License and When Do You Need One for Radios?
, by Jesus Moraga, 7 min reading time
Radios are an essential tool for seamless communication. However, with so many people operating radios, there’s bound to be some overlap between users, right? That’s where FCC licenses come in.
An FCC license is an official authorization that permits a user to legally use a specific radio frequency. This license allows authorized users to use the frequency while prohibiting unauthorized users from accessing it. In many cases, these authorizations are legally required, especially if using two-way radios to support business operations.
FCC licenses promote reliable communication, but they can be a tad confusing to navigate at first. Learn all about FCC licenses and determine if you need one below.
Understanding the FCC’s Role: Spectrum Management, Licensing, and Public Safety
The Federal Communications Commission is a U.S. government agency that regulates radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable communications and enforces communication law across the country. In addition to regulating it, the FCC is also in charge of licensing the electromagnetic spectrum for both commercial and non-commercial users, such as state, county, and local governments.
Regulating the electromagnetic spectrum prevents signal interference and promotes reliable communication for the parties involved, which is especially important for public safety users, such as emergency services and law enforcement. FCC licensing is essential to managing the spectrum, as it authorizes users to use certain frequencies for specific applications while penalizing unauthorized users for using those frequencies.
Licensing Details and Exemptions: When Licenses Are Required and When They Are Not
While licensing may seem optional for those who wish to use secure channels, there are scenarios where it is required by law. Licensing depends on the service the radio is designed for, how it’s programmed, and whether it’s FCC-authorized for that service.
License-Free Options: FRS, MURS, and Other Exempt Uses
There are a few options that are licensed by rule, meaning an FCC license is not required to operate the radio as long as the user complies with operational rules. Anyone can operate these radios regardless of age, except representatives of foreign governments.
Family Radio Service (FRS), Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS), and Citizens Band Radio Service (CBRS) are two-way, short-distance voice communications services used for varying purposes, both personal and business. While free to use, these radio services are subject to interference and need other ways to limit it. Users on license-free options can try switching to less crowded channels or using privacy codes to filter unwanted transmissions. Keep in mind that while privacy codes filter what you hear, they do not filter who hears you.
GMRS and Licensed Use: When a License Is Mandatory
Licensing is mandatory in some instances. If your radios are used for business operations and are programmed for specific frequencies to reduce interference, you’ll need an FFC license. You’ll also need a license if your radios operate on a licensed personal service, such as General Mobile Radio Service.
General Mobile Radio Service is a licensed radio service used for two-way, short-distance communication featuring 30 channels within 462 and 467 MHz. GMRS licenses are granted to an individual and last ten years, with a 90-day renewal period after the license expires. Plus, family members of the licensed user can legally operate radio equipment within the licensed system, which is especially convenient for emergency coordination.
Industrial/business radio systems support day-to-day company operations. Licenses are tied to the organization and cover the entire system, so each team member doesn’t have to obtain individual authorization. These licenses typically last ten years with a 90-day renewal period after the expiration date.
Applying for an FCC License: Steps, Forms, and Fees
Applying for an FCC license can seem arduous, but it’s essential for reliable communication and compliance. To be eligible for an FCC license, you must be at least 18 years old and not be a foreign government representative.
Obtain an FRN
Begin by logging in or registering for the FCC Commission Registration System (CORES), then registering for an FCC Registration Number (FRN). Indicate whether you’re filing as an individual or an entity, such as a company. This 10-digit number is essential for doing business with the FCC.
Determine License Type
Identify the type of license you need for your radio application. Licenses vary based on the radio purpose, such as for personal, business, or amateur use.
Meet with Frequency Coordinator (If Applicable)
This step is typically for companies. For many business licenses, an FCC-certified frequency coordinator must recommend the ideal frequencies before you file to prevent interference.
File Application in ULS
The Universal Licensing System (ULS) is used to apply for a new license. Log in using your FRN and fill out the appropriate form for your purposes. Form 601 is typically used for business applications, while Form 605 is for individual services, such as GMRS.
Pay Applicable Fees
The fees due for your license vary by type. Most personal licenses cost $35 per application, while business licenses can range from $150 to $500, depending on their complexity. Business license costs may also include hiring a frequency coordinator.
Penalties for Non-Compliance: Fines, Forfeitures, and Import Bans
Businesses are legally required to obtain an FCC license for their radio systems. Failing to do so can result in significant fines and, in some cases, even imprisonment, so while the application process may seem pricey and tedious, the penalties for non-compliance will greatly outweigh the investment in securing a license.
The base fine for unauthorized operation is $10,000, but it can rise for causing interference. Imprisonment is possible for up to one year for the first offense and up to two years for subsequent violations. The FCC can revoke your license for improper use.
When Licensed Radios Make Sense for Businesses
FCC licenses are highly recommended when secure, interference-free communication is needed. Reliable communication is especially essential in industries where safety concerns are present.
For instance, construction sites are filled with heavy machinery and constantly moving parts. They rely on communication to prioritize safety on the worksite. Licensed radios prevent interference, ensuring that safety and operational information are communicated clearly and effectively, especially in high-traffic areas.
Security industries rely on licensed systems to promote private and reliable communication, which is crucial in case of an emergency. Licensed radios also reduce potential eavesdropping. Licensed radios also make sense for industries such as hospitality, which rely on proper coordination between staff members to maintain an efficient business.
When License-Free Radios Are Adequate
While licensed radios are ideal for reliable communication, sometimes license-free equipment can get the job done. These radios are typically used by families or groups for recreational activities, but they can be used in businesses, too. Retail stores, restaurants, and small businesses can benefit from license-free radios, where simple, short-range communication is enough.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do You Need FCC Certification?
FCC certification is needed for any electronic device that uses radio frequency (RF). It ensures that the RF emitted from the device is within approved limits and won’t cause harmful interference. Your two-way radio should already be FCC-certified, assuming you purchased it from a reputable vendor.
How Can I Get My FCC License?
You can get your FCC license by registering on the FCC CORES and obtaining an FRN. Use your FRM to apply for a license via the FCC ULS. File the appropriate form and pay the applicable fees to receive your FCC license.
Understanding FCC License Requirements Is Essential for Radio Communications
FCC licensing is essential for secure, reliable transmissions. Without a license, you can experience interference that hinders communication. Even worse, using certain frequencies without a license can result in hefty penalties. At Atlantic Radio Corp, we can help you understand FCC licensing for your radio communications.
Upgrade your communications setup with professional two-way radios. With several reputable brands to choose from, Atlantic Radio Corp can help you set up an effective radio network. Shop Atlantic Radio Corp today or contact us to learn more about FCC license requirements.
